以下是 整理的《高考英语口语：Don’t mention it的具体用法》，希望大家喜欢！ 1 用来回答感谢或类似于感谢的句子，意为：不用谢；不客气； 不要这样说； 哪里哪里。如： A：Thank you very much 太感谢你了。 B：Don’t mention it 别客气。 A：The film was wonderful Thank you for invitingme 这**很精彩，谢谢你邀请了我。 B：Don’t mention it I’m glad you enjoyed it 别客气，你喜欢就好了。 A：You are so kind 你太客气。 B：Don’t mention it 哪里哪里。 A：Very kind of you to come, Mrs Green 格林太太，难为你来一趟。 B：Don’t mention it 哪儿的话。 2 用来回答道歉，意为：没关系；不要这样说。如： A：I apologize for what I said 对不起，我说错了。 B：Don’t mention it 没关系。 A：I’m sorry to have troulbed you 对不起麻烦你了。 B：Don’t mention it 不要这样说(wwwnmet168com)。 3 表示某事不重要或无需考虑，意为：那就甭提了； 那就算了。如： I paid the milkman for you—￡3 20 for the week, he said—and you can give that to me As fortaking care of Billy, don’t mention it He was notrouble at all 我替你付了送牛奶人的钱，这一周共3 2英镑，他说，这你可以给我。至于照看比利的事，就算了，照看他一点也不麻烦。2007年上海高考英语单词高考英语必背单词词汇一、一个星期七天1 Monday 2 Tuesday 3 Wednesday 4 Thursday 5 Friday 6 Saturday 7 Sunday二、一年十二个月1 January 2 February 3 March 4 April 5 May6 June 7 July 8 August 9 September 10 October 11 November 12 December三、一年四季1 spring 2 summer 3 autumn 4 winter四、容易拼写错的数字1 eighth第八2 ninth第九3 forty四十4 twelfth第十二5 twentieth第二十 四、亲属称呼1 daughter (女儿)2 niece (女性晚辈)3 nephew (男性晚辈)4 cousin (同辈兄弟姐妹)5 aunt (女性长辈)6 uncle (男性长辈) 五、以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母1 regret (regretted, regretting) 后悔2 control (controlled, controlling) 控制3 admit (admitted, admitting) 承认 4 occur (occurred, occurring) 出现5 prefer (preferred, preferring) 宁愿 6 refer (referred, referring) 提到7 forget (forgetting ) 忘记 8 permit (permitted, permitting)允许9 equip (equipped, equipping) 装备 注意：quarrel, signal, travel中的l可双写（英国英语）也可不双写（美国英语）六、部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词1 broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 广播2 flee (fled, fled) 逃跑3 forbid (forbade, forbidden) 禁止4 forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原谅5 freeze (froze, frozen) 结冰6 hang (作“绞死”讲，是规则的；作“悬挂”讲，其过去式过去分词都是hung)7 lie (作“说谎”讲时，是规则的；作“位于”讲时，其过去式是lay，过去分词是lain)8 seek (sought, sought) 寻求9 shake (shook, shaken) 发抖10 sing (sang, sung) 唱歌11 sink (sank, sunk/sunken) 下沉12 spread (spread, spread) 传播 13 swim (swam, swum) 游泳14 tear (tore, torn) 撕碎15 weave (wove, woven) 编织七、意思相近的词1 check / examine/ test2 receive / accept3 destroy /damage 4 celebrate/ congratulate5 wear / dress 八、注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化1 long—length 长度2 wide—width 宽度3 high—height 高度4 strong—strength力量 九、以-ic结尾的动词，应先把-ic变为-ick，再加ing或ed1 picnic (picnicked, picnicking) 野餐 十、个别名词的复数拼写1 German (Germans) 德国人2 gulf (gulfs) 海湾3 handkerchief (handkerchiefs) 手帕4 hero (英雄)，potato (土豆)，tomato (西红柿) 等有生命的以-o结尾的名词变复数时要加-es。 5 roof (roofs) 房顶6 stomach 胃 (其复数是stomachs而不是加es)十一、注意动词变名词时的拼写变化1 succeed—success成功2 pronounce—pronunciation 发音3 explain—explanation解释4 decide—decision 决定5 enter—entrance进入6 permit—permission 允许7 refuse—refusal 拒绝8 consider—consideration 考虑9 discover—discovery 发现 10 bury—burial 埋葬11 conclude—conclusion 得出结论12 arrive—arrival 到达13 weigh—weight 重量 十二、注意形容词变副词时的拼写变化1 beautiful—beautifully 美丽的2 possible—possibly 可能的3 practical—practically 实际的4 particular—particularly 特别的5 successful—successfully 成功的 十三、其它必背单词1 abroad 国外2 absence n 缺席 (absent adj)3 accepted (NMET1997)4 accident事故 (accidental adj 偶然的，accidentally adv 偶然地)5 achievement成就 (achieve v 获得)6 address地址7 admire钦佩8 admitting (2000北京春季卷)9 agreement 协议10 agriculture农业 (agricultural adj 农业的)11 altogether总共12 ancient 古代的13 announced(NMET1999)14 anxiety 忧虑 (anxious adj 焦急的，anxiously adv 焦急地)15 apologize v 道歉 (apology n 道歉apologetic adj 道歉的，apologetically adv道歉地)16 apologize/apologise (2000全国卷)17 appreciate感激/欣赏 (感激人用thank sb；谢谢某人做的事用appreciate sth)18 Asian(NMET1996)19 assistant 助手 20 astonish吃惊 (astonishment n 吃惊，astonishing，astonished)21 astronaut 宇航员22 atmosphere气氛23 attempt尝试 (可作名词也可作动词)24 attentively 专心地25 attentively(NMET1996)26 attitude 态度27 attract 吸引 (attraction吸引力)28 average 平均29 average(NMET1999)30 balance平衡31 beauty 美 (beautiful)32 believe相信 (belief n 信念，其复数是beliefs)33 beyond超过34 biology生物35 birthday生日36 bravery 勇敢37 broadcast(NMET1996)38 broadcast广播 (过去式、过去分词同原形)39 carefully 小心 (carefully)40 ceiling天花板41 celebrated (2000北京春季卷)42 celebration 庆祝 (celebrate n 庆祝)43 century 世纪44 challenge 挑战45 character 性格46 charge收费47 cinema**院48 comfort v & n 安慰 (comfortable adj comfortably adv舒适地)49 comfortably(NMET1997)50 comment 评论51 communication 交流52 competition 竞赛 (compete v 竞赛competitor 竞赛者)53 composition 作文54 concert 音乐会55 conclude v conclusion n 结论56 condition情况 (conditions条件)57 confessing (2000北京春季卷)58 congratulations 祝贺 (congratulate v)59 constantly 不断地60 construction(NMET1996)61 continue继续62 contribution 贡献 (contribute v)63 conveniently方便 (convenient adj)64 conversation 谈话65 coughing(NMET1997)66 cousin表兄弟67 cruelty 残酷 (cruel adj cruelly adv)68 curious 好奇 (curiosity n 好奇)69 curious(NMET1996)70 customer 顾客71 customers (2000北京春季卷)72 custom习俗73 damage损坏74 declared(NMET1999)75 delicious 美味76 destroy毁灭 (其过去式是destroyed)77 determined 有决心的78 develop发展 (development n developing 发展中的，developed发达的)79 dialogue 对话80 diary 日记 (dairy 奶制品)81 difference 不同点 (有复数形式)82 disappointed失望 (disappointing 让人失望的)83 disappointment 失望84 discovery 发现 (其复数是discoveries，其动词是discover，discoverer发现者)85 disturb打扰86 dollar美元 (其复数是dollars)87 downstairs楼下88 dream梦想 (其过去式是dreamed或dreamt)89 electricity电 (electrical电的，electric 电的)90 employ 雇用 (employment n employer 雇主，employee雇员)91 empty倒空 (可用动词，其过去式是emptied)92 encourage鼓励 (encouraging, encouraged, encouragement n)93 energy能量94 envelope 信封95 envy n 妒忌 (envious adj)96 equal(NMET1998)97 equipment设备98 especially 尤其是99 essential(NMET1999)100 European 欧洲人101 event事件102 excellent极好 (excellence n excellently adv)103 exhibition(NMET1997)104 exhibition展览105 expense 耗费106 experience 经验 (experienced 有经验的)107 expert 专家108 expression 表达109 failure 失败 (fail v)110 familiar(NMET1999)111 familiar熟悉的112 favorite 最喜爱的 (即作形容词也作名词，作名词时有复数)113 figure人物/数字114 finger手指115 flight飞行116 forehead前额117 foreign(NMET1998)118 fortunately幸运地119 forward向前120 freezing 极冷的 (frozen 冷冻的)121 frequently 经常地122 furniture 家具123 further进一步的124 generally (2000全国卷)125 geography地理126 Germany德国127 government(NMET1996)128 gradually逐渐地129 graduation毕业 (graduate)130 grammar语法131 habits (NMET1997)132 handkerchiefs (2000北京春季卷)133 honesty 诚实 (honest)134 honor/honour 荣誉135 imagination 想象力 (imagine v)136 immediate (2000北京春季卷)137 immediately马上138 impress 印象 (impression n)139 incident小事件140 including包括 (include v)141 indispensable (NMET1999)142 industry工业 (industrial adj 工业的)143 information 信息144 inspire激励 (inspiration n inspiring, inspired)145 institute学院146 instrument 仪器147 interest 兴趣148 interrupt 打断149 interrupt打断 150 introduce介绍 (introduction n)151 irregular 不规则的152 journey旅程153 judge判断 (judgment)154 kindergarten幼儿园155 knowledge 知识156 labor/labour劳动157 late1y(NMET1999)158 laughter笑声159 lawyer律师160 librarian图书馆理员161 loss损失 (lose, lost 是其动词形式)162 luckily幸运地163 magazine杂志164 majority (2000北京春季卷)165 majority大多数166 manage 设法 (manager, management)167 market(2000全国卷)168 marriage 结婚 (marry v 结婚，married已婚的)169 material(s)/cloth(NMET1996)170 material物质/材料171 mayor市长172 mean (NMET1999)173 measure测量 174 medal 奖章 (比较：model 模型)175 memory记忆力 (memorize v 记住，remember 记得)176 messages (2000全国卷)177 metal 金属178 modern现代的179 modest谦虚的180 monitor 班长/监控 181 moustache 胡子182 murder谋杀 (murderer 凶手)183 musician 音乐家184 mysterious 神秘的 (mystery 神秘)185 nationality国籍 (nation 国家，national国家的)186 naturally(NMET1998)187 naughty 淘气的188 necessary(NMET1999)189 ninth(NMET1998)190 normal 正常的191 obey (NMET1997)192 obviously明显的193 offering (2000全国卷)194 operation手术195 opportunity 机会196 ordinary 普通的197 organized/organised(NMET1996)198 particularly 特别是199 passenger 旅客200 passengers(NMET1999)201 patience耐心 (patiently)202 patient病人/耐心203 perfect 完美 (perfectly)204 performed(2000北京春季卷)205 perhaps 或许206 period 时期207 permission许可208 persuaded(NMET1996)209 phenomena 现象210 physicist 物理学家211 pilots (2000全国卷)212 poisonous 有毒的 (poison)213 political 政治的 (politics)214 popular受欢迎的215 population人口216 position 职位217 possibility(-ies)可能性 (possible 可能的)218 poverty 贫穷 (poor)219 poverty贫穷 220 practical (NMET1997)221 preparing(NMET1998)222 pressure(NMET1997)223 pretend假装224 professor 教授225 profit 利润226 progress进步227 pronunciation (2000北京春季卷)228 provide 提供 (比较：offer, supply)229 public 公众230 purpose目的231 quality(NMET1996)232 quantity数量233 realistic(NMET1997)234 receive 收到235 recently(NMET1999)236 recognised/recognized(NMET1999)237 recognize 认出 (recognition 承认)238 regards 问候239 remind提醒240 repeat (repetition)重复241 respect尊敬242 restaurant 餐馆243 restaurants(NMET1999) 244 satisfaction满意 (satisfy, satisfied, satisfying)245 satisfactory 满意的246 Saturday(NMET1998)247 scientific 科学的248 scientific科学的249 secretary秘书 250 secretly (2000北京春季卷)251 separately单独地252 separates (NMET1998)253 serious 严重的 (seriously)254 service服务255 shortcoming缺点 256 silence 安静 (silent)257 similar (2000北京春季卷)258 similar 类似的 (similarity –ies相似之处)259 situation形势/情况260 slightly(2000全国卷)261 society 社会 (social adj 社会的)262 southern(2000全国卷)263 special特别的264 species 物种 (单复数同形)265 spring(NMET1997)266 square 平方267 stolen(2000全国卷)268 straight(NMET1997)269 suitable合适的270 support支持271 surprise吃惊272 surround 包围273 swimming(NMET1998)274 technique 技术 (technical adj)275 technology技术276 temperature温度277 theory 理论278 thirsty口渴279 thorough (NMET1997)280 total合计281 traffic 交通282 translated(NMET1998)283 translation 翻译 (translator翻译家，interpret 解说, interpreter 口语翻译)284 umbrella(NMET1999)285 umbrella伞286 unusually不寻常 (unusual不寻常的)287 unwilling 不愿意 (willing adj 愿意 will n 意志)288 upstairs(2000全国卷)289 upstairs楼上290 vacation假期291 various各种各样的 (variety n 种类)292 victim受害者293 victory胜利294 vocabulary词汇295 voyage航行296 waste (NMET1999)297 wealth财富298 weather(NMET1998)299 whisper 低语300 worship崇拜301 youth年轻人 (复数加-s)302 zero 零想问个关于英语语法的问题单词拼写必背一、一个星期七天1 Monday 2 Tuesday 3 Wednesday 4 Thursday 5 Friday 6 Saturday 7 Sunday二、一年十二个月1 January 2 February 3 March 4 April 5 May6 June 7 July 8 August 9 September 10 October 11 November 12 December三、一年四季1 spring 2 summer 3 autumn 4 winter四、容易拼写错的数字1 eighth第八2 ninth第九3 forty四十4 twelfth第十二5 twentieth第二十 四、亲属称呼1 daughter (女儿)2 niece (女性晚辈)3 nephew (男性晚辈)4 cousin (同辈兄弟姐妹)5 aunt (女性长辈)6 uncle (男性长辈) 五、以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母1 regret (regretted, regretting) 后悔2 control (controlled, controlling) 控制3 admit (admitted, admitting) 承认 4 occur (occurred, occurring) 出现5 prefer (preferred, preferring) 宁愿 6 refer (referred, referring) 提到7 forget (forgetting ) 忘记 8 permit (permitted, permitting)允许9 equip (equipped, equipping) 装备 注意：quarrel, signal, travel中的l可双写（英国英语）也可不双写（美国英语）六、部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词1 broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 广播2 flee (fled, fled) 逃跑3 forbid (forbade, forbidden) 禁止4 forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原谅5 freeze (froze, frozen) 结冰6 hang (作“绞死”讲，是规则的；作“悬挂”讲，其过去式过去分词都是hung)7 lie (作“说谎”讲时，是规则的；作“位于”讲时，其过去式是lay，过去分词是lain)8 seek (sought, sought) 寻求9 shake (shook, shaken) 发抖10 sing (sang, sung) 唱歌11 sink (sank, sunk/sunken) 下沉12 spread (spread, spread) 传播 13 swim (swam, swum) 游泳14 tear (tore, torn) 撕碎15 weave (wove, woven) 编织七、意思相近的词1 check / examine/ test2 receive / accept3 destroy /damage 4 celebrate/ congratulate5 wear / dress 八、注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化1 long—length 长度2 wide—width 宽度3 high—height 高度4 strong—strength力量 九、以-ic结尾的动词，应先把-ic变为-ick，再加ing或ed1 picnic (picnicked, picnicking) 野餐 十、个别名词的复数拼写1 German (Germans) 德国人2 gulf (gulfs) 海湾3 handkerchief (handkerchiefs) 手帕4 hero (英雄)，potato (土豆)，tomato (西红柿) 等有生命的以-o结尾的名词变复数时要加-es。 5 roof (roofs) 房顶6 stomach 胃 (其复数是stomachs而不是加es)十一、注意动词变名词时的拼写变化1 succeed—success成功2 pronounce—pronunciation 发音3 explain—explanation解释4 decide—decision 决定5 enter—entrance进入6 permit—permission 允许7 refuse—refusal 拒绝8 consider—consideration 考虑9 discover—discovery 发现 10 bury—burial 埋葬11 conclude—conclusion 得出结论12 arrive—arrival 到达13 weigh—weight 重量 十二、注意形容词变副词时的拼写变化1 beautiful—beautifully 美丽的2 possible—possibly 可能的3 practical—practically 实际的4 particular—particularly 特别的5 successful—successfully 成功的 十三、其它必背单词1 abroad 国外2 absence n 缺席 (absent adj)3 accepted (NMET1997)4 accident事故 (accidental adj 偶然的，accidentally adv 偶然地)5 achievement成就 (achieve v 获得)6 address地址7 admire钦佩8 admitting (2000北京春季卷)9 agreement 协议10 agriculture农业 (agricultural adj 农业的)11 altogether总共12 ancient 古代的13 announced(NMET1999)14 anxiety 忧虑 (anxious adj 焦急的，anxiously adv 焦急地)15 apologize v 道歉 (apology n 道歉apologetic adj 道歉的，apologetically adv道歉地)16 apologize/apologise (2000全国卷)17 appreciate感激/欣赏 (感激人用thank sb；谢谢某人做的事用appreciate sth)18 Asian(NMET1996)19 assistant 助手 20 astonish吃惊 (astonishment n 吃惊，astonishing，astonished)21 astronaut 宇航员22 atmosphere气氛23 attempt尝试 (可作名词也可作动词)24 attentively 专心地25 attentively(NMET1996)26 attitude 态度27 attract 吸引 (attraction吸引力)28 average 平均29 average(NMET1999)30 balance平衡31 beauty 美 (beautiful)32 believe相信 (belief n 信念，其复数是beliefs)33 beyond超过34 biology生物35 birthday生日36 bravery 勇敢37 broadcast(NMET1996)38 broadcast广播 (过去式、过去分词同原形)39 carefully 小心 (carefully)40 ceiling天花板41 celebrated (2000北京春季卷)42 celebration 庆祝 (celebrate n 庆祝)43 century 世纪44 challenge 挑战45 character 性格46 charge收费47 cinema**院48 comfort v & n 安慰 (comfortable adj comfortably adv舒适地)49 comfortably(NMET1997)50 comment 评论51 communication 交流52 competition 竞赛 (compete v 竞赛competitor 竞赛者)53 composition 作文54 concert 音乐会55 conclude v conclusion n 结论56 condition情况 (conditions条件)57 confessing (2000北京春季卷)58 congratulations 祝贺 (congratulate v)59 constantly 不断地60 construction(NMET1996)61 continue继续62 contribution 贡献 (contribute v)63 conveniently方便 (convenient adj)64 conversation 谈话65 coughing(NMET1997)66 cousin表兄弟67 cruelty 残酷 (cruel adj cruelly adv)68 curious 好奇 (curiosity n 好奇)69 curious(NMET1996)70 customer 顾客71 customers (2000北京春季卷)72 custom习俗73 damage损坏74 declared(NMET1999)75 delicious 美味76 destroy毁灭 (其过去式是destroyed)77 determined 有决心的78 develop发展 (development n developing 发展中的，developed发达的)79 dialogue 对话80 diary 日记 (dairy 奶制品)81 difference 不同点 (有复数形式)82 disappointed失望 (disappointing 让人失望的)83 disappointment 失望84 discovery 发现 (其复数是discoveries，其动词是discover，discoverer发现者)85 disturb打扰86 dollar美元 (其复数是dollars)87 downstairs楼下88 dream梦想 (其过去式是dreamed或dreamt)89 electricity电 (electrical电的，electric 电的)90 employ 雇用 (employment n employer 雇主，employee雇员)91 empty倒空 (可用动词，其过去式是emptied)92 encourage鼓励 (encouraging, encouraged, encouragement n)93 energy能量94 envelope 信封95 envy n 妒忌 (envious adj)96 equal(NMET1998)97 equipment设备98 especially 尤其是99 essential(NMET1999)100 European 欧洲人101 event事件102 excellent极好 (excellence n excellently adv)103 exhibition(NMET1997)104 exhibition展览105 expense 耗费106 experience 经验 (experienced 有经验的)107 expert 专家108 expression 表达109 failure 失败 (fail v)110 familiar(NMET1999)111 familiar熟悉的112 favorite 最喜爱的 (即作形容词也作名词，作名词时有复数)113 figure人物/数字114 finger手指115 flight飞行116 forehead前额117 foreign(NMET1998)118 fortunately幸运地119 forward向前120 freezing 极冷的 (frozen 冷冻的)121 frequently 经常地122 furniture 家具123 further进一步的124 generally (2000全国卷)125 geography地理126 Germany德国127 government(NMET1996)128 gradually逐渐地129 graduation毕业 (graduate)130 grammar语法131 habits (NMET1997)132 handkerchiefs (2000北京春季卷)133 honesty 诚实 (honest)134 honor/honour 荣誉135 imagination 想象力 (imagine v)136 immediate (2000北京春季卷)137 immediately马上138 impress 印象 (impression n)139 incident小事件140 including包括 (include v)141 indispensable (NMET1999)142 industry工业 (industrial adj 工业的)143 information 信息144 inspire激励 (inspiration n inspiring, inspired)145 institute学院146 instrument 仪器147 interest 兴趣148 interrupt 打断149 interrupt打断 150 introduce介绍 (introduction n)151 irregular 不规则的152 journey旅程153 judge判断 (judgment)154 kindergarten幼儿园155 knowledge 知识156 labor/labour劳动157 late1y(NMET1999)158 laughter笑声159 lawyer律师160 librarian图书馆理员161 loss损失 (lose, lost 是其动词形式)162 luckily幸运地163 magazine杂志164 majority (2000北京春季卷)165 majority大多数166 manage 设法 (manager, management)167 market(2000全国卷)168 marriage 结婚 (marry v 结婚，married已婚的)169 material(s)/cloth(NMET1996)170 material物质/材料171 mayor市长172 mean (NMET1999)173 measure测量 174 medal 奖章 (比较：model 模型)175 memory记忆力 (memorize v 记住，remember 记得)176 messages (2000全国卷)177 metal 金属178 modern现代的179 modest谦虚的180 monitor 班长/监控 181 moustache 胡子182 murder谋杀 (murderer 凶手)183 musician 音乐家184 mysterious 神秘的 (mystery 神秘)185 nationality国籍 (nation 国家，national国家的)186 naturally(NMET1998)187 naughty 淘气的188 necessary(NMET1999)189 ninth(NMET1998)190 normal 正常的191 obey (NMET1997)192 obviously明显的193 offering (2000全国卷)194 operation手术195 opportunity 机会196 ordinary 普通的197 organized/organised(NMET1996)198 particularly 特别是199 passenger 旅客200 passengers(NMET1999)201 patience耐心 (patiently)202 patient病人/耐心203 perfect 完美 (perfectly)204 performed(2000北京春季卷)205 perhaps 或许206 period 时期207 permission许可208 persuaded(NMET1996)209 phenomena 现象210 physicist 物理学家211 pilots (2000全国卷)212 poisonous 有毒的 (poison)213 political 政治的 (politics)214 popular受欢迎的215 population人口216 position 职位217 possibility(-ies)可能性 (possible 可能的)218 poverty 贫穷 (poor)219 poverty贫穷 220 practical (NMET1997)221 preparing(NMET1998)222 pressure(NMET1997)223 pretend假装224 professor 教授225 profit 利润226 progress进步227 pronunciation (2000北京春季卷)228 provide 提供 (比较：offer, supply)229 public 公众230 purpose目的231 quality(NMET1996)232 quantity数量233 realistic(NMET1997)234 receive 收到235 recently(NMET1999)236 recognised/recognized(NMET1999)237 recognize 认出 (recognition 承认)238 regards 问候239 remind提醒240 repeat (repetition)重复241 respect尊敬242 restaurant 餐馆243 restaurants(NMET1999) 244 satisfaction满意 (satisfy, satisfied, satisfying)245 satisfactory 满意的246 Saturday(NMET1998)247 scientific 科学的248 scientific科学的249 secretary秘书 250 secretly (2000北京春季卷)251 separately单独地252 separates (NMET1998)253 serious 严重的 (seriously)254 service服务255 shortcoming缺点 256 silence 安静 (silent)257 similar (2000北京春季卷)258 similar 类似的 (similarity –ies相似之处)259 situation形势/情况260 slightly(2000全国卷)261 society 社会 (social adj 社会的)262 southern(2000全国卷)263 special特别的264 species 物种 (单复数同形)265 spring(NMET1997)266 square 平方267 stolen(2000全国卷)268 straight(NMET1997)269 suitable合适的270 support支持271 surprise吃惊272 surround 包围273 swimming(NMET1998)274 technique 技术 (technical adj)275 technology技术276 temperature温度277 theory 理论278 thirsty口渴279 thorough (NMET1997)280 total合计281 traffic 交通282 translated(NMET1998)283 translation 翻译 (translator翻译家，interpret 解说, interpreter 口语翻译)284 umbrella(NMET1999)285 umbrella伞286 unusually不寻常 (unusual不寻常的)287 unwilling 不愿意 (willing adj 愿意 will n 意志)288 upstairs(2000全国卷)289 upstairs楼上290 vacation假期291 various各种各样的 (variety n 种类)292 victim受害者293 victory胜利294 vocabulary词汇295 voyage航行296 waste (NMET1999)297 wealth财富298 weather(NMET1998)299 whisper 低语300 worship崇拜301 youth年轻人 (复数加-s)302 zero 零内容比较多,慢慢看;悬垂结构 Dangling Element的定义 一般在一个句子中，修饰语必须清楚地修饰句中某个词或短语，如果它不修饰句中的任何成分，而处于悬浮状态，这样的修饰语即为悬垂结构(Dangling Element)。 Climbing up the tower, the whole city came into our view 悬垂结构 的理解 分词短语在句子中作状语时，其逻辑主语(亦称隐含主语)通常应是整个句子的主语；如果不是，而且其本身也不带自己的主语(如在独立主格结构中)，就被认为是一个语言失误。这个分词就叫做“悬垂分词”(dangling participle)或“无依附分词 ”(unattached participle)。例如： (1)Getting down from the bus，my ankle was sprained． (2)Driving to Chicago that night，a sudden thought struck me． 由 悬垂结构 造成的错误 (1)悬垂分词 误： Being Sunday, they went for a picnic 正： It being Sunday, they went for a picnic 正： As it was Sunday, they went for a picnic (2)悬垂不定式 误：To swim properly, a course of instruction was necessary 正：To swim properly, one needs a course of instruction (3)悬垂简式从句 误：When a middle school student, his parents were very strict with him 正：When he was a middle school student, his parents were very strict with him 在学习语法过程中，请掌握技巧,然后理解消化--------------------------------独立主格结构独立主格结构是语法中的一个很重要，也 是一个大多数学生感到棘手的语法点，下面我们从几个方面来说说独立主格的用法吧。I 独立主格结构的基本概念 由一个名词或代词作为逻辑主语,加上一个分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成,这种结构在形式上与主句没有关系,通常被称为独立主格结构。 II 独立主格结构的基本构成形式及功能 独立主格结构主要起状语作用,相当于一个状语从句,多用来表示行为、方式、伴随等情况,有时也可用来表示时间、原因、条件等情况。 1、名词或代词主格 + 分词 ①The experiment done, the students went on to take notes in the experiment report 实验做完了,同学们继续在实验报告上做记录。 ②Time permitting, we can have a walk around the playground after supper 如果时间允许,晚饭后我们可以到操场上散散步。 2、名词或代词主格 + 形容词 ①Computers very small, we can use them widely 电脑虽小,我们却能广泛地利用它们。 ② The clothes very dirty, you'd better wash them quickly 衣服很脏,你快点儿洗洗吧! 3、名词或代词主格 + 不定式 The last guest to arrive, our party was started 最后一位客人到了,我们的晚会就开始了。 4、名词或代词主格 + 介词短语 ① Our English teacher came into the classroom, papers in hand 我们的英语老师走进了教室,手里拿着试卷。 ② There is a river in the valley, fresh flowers on the banks 山谷中有一条河,河两岸长满了鲜花。 5、名词或代词主格 + 副词 ① The meeting over, our headmaster soon left the meeting-room 散会了,校长很快就离开了会议室。 ② The lights off, we could not go on with the work 灯熄了,我们不能继续工作了。 III 独立主格结构及分词短语作状语的异同 1、独立主格结构与分词短语都可以转换为状语从句。但是,独立主格结构转换为状语从句后,它有自己的逻辑主语,与主句的主语不一致(例①)。而分词短语转换为状语从句后,从句的主语与主句的主语一致(例②)。 ① If time permits, we'd better have a holiday at weekends 转换为: Time permitting, we'd better have a holiday at weekends 如果时间允许,我们最好周末去度假。 ②When we see from the hilltop, we can find the city more beautiful转换为: Seeing from the hilltop, we can find the city more beautiful 从山顶上看,我们发现这个城市更美了。 2、还必须注意,分词结构的逻辑主语并不总是和主句的主语一致,也可以是主句的其它成分,语法上称作"依着法则"(例①)。而如果一个分词结构在句子中找不到它的逻辑主语,语法上称作"悬垂分词"(例②)。 ①Searching for the thief in the city, it had taken the policemen a long time 在城市里搜查小偷,花费了警察很长一段时间。 ② When planting these flowers, care must be taken not to damage the roots (人们)种这些花时必须小心,不要损坏了花根。 IV 独立主格结构与独立成分的异同 1、有些分词短语可以独立存在,在句子中没有逻辑上的主语,实际上已经变成了习惯用法。这些短语有: Generally speaking 总的说来,Frankly speaking 坦率地说,Judging from 从……判断,Supposing 假设,等等。 ① Generally speaking, the rule is very easy to understand 总的说来,这条规则很容易懂。 ②Judging from what he said, he must be an honest man 由他所说的来判断,他一定是一个诚实的人。 2、有些固定短语是带 to 的不定式,表明说话人的立场或态度,在句中作独立成分。这些短语有: to be honest老实说,to be sure 确实,to tell you the truth 说实话,to cut a long story short 长话短说,to be frank 坦率地说,to make matters / things worse 更糟糕的是,等等。 ① To tell you the truth, I made a mistake in the word spelling 说实话,我犯了一个拼写错误。 ② To make things worse, many of the men have gone off to cities in search of higher pay, leaving women from nearby villages to carry on with the work 情况更糟的是,许多男人都去城市找工资较高的工作,而留下附近村庄的妇女来继续承担修复工作。