2021年医师系列《中医助理医师》考试题库-中医助理医师-第一单元 经络系统-

医药卫生-执业医师

5-For centuries, explorers have risked their lives venturing into the unknown for reasons that were to varying degrees economic and nationalistic. Columbus went west to look for better trade routes to the Orient and to promote the greater glory of Spain, Lewis and Clark journeyed into the American wilderness to find out what the U.S. had acquired when it purchased Louisiana, and the Apollo astronauts rocketed to the moon in a dramatic show of technological muscle during the cold war.　　Although their missions blended commercial and political-military imperatives, the explorers involved all accomplished some significant science by going where no scientists had gone before.　　Today Mars looms as humanity's next great terra incognita. And with doubtful prospects for a short-term financial return, with the cold war a rapidly fading memory and amid a growing emphasis on international cooperation in large space ventures, it is clear that imperatives other than profits or nationalism will have to compel human beings to leave their tracks on the planet's reddish surface. Could it be that science, which has long played a minor role in exploration, is at last destined to take a leading role? The question naturally invites a couple of others; Are there experiment that only human could do on Mars? Could those experiments provide insights profound enough to justify the expense of sending people across interplanetary space?　　With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they have ever been. The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by mounting evidence that the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and by the continuing controversy over suggestions that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite from Mars. A more conclusive answer about life on Mars, past or present, would give researchers invaluable data about the range of conditions under which a planet can generate the complex chemistry that leads to life. If it could be established that life arose independently on Mars and Earth, the finding would provide the first concrete clues in one of the deepest mysteries in all of science: the prevalence of life in the universe.

5

我个人认为这个应该是：1. D　
  2. G
  3. A
  4. E　
  5. B　

解析：1.题干的末尾是“in order to”，所以正确选项应该以动词原形开头，排除A、B、E和F，只剩下了C、D和G。根据题目中“Apollo”定位原文第一段最后一句，提到“the Apollo astronauts rocketed to the moon in a dramatic show of technological muscle during the cold war”。“in a dramatic show of technological muscle”对应选项D中的“demonstrate the powerful development of technology”，故应选D。  2.根据题干中的“leave tracks of human beings on Mars' surface”可定位到第三段，该段第二句后半部分提到“it is clear that imperatives other than profits or nationalism will have to compel human beings to leave their tracks on the planet's reddish surface”，也就是在火星上留下人类的痕迹很有必要，这并非是受利益或民族主义的驱使，该段后面提出了几个问题都是关于火星探险的重要意义的探讨。G项中significant commitment符合文意。
 3.题干要求寻找的是“conclusion”的同位语从句。根据题干中“dispute”对应到原文最后一段第二句“controversy over suggestions that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite from Mars”中的“controversy”，因此，“controversy over”的宾语就应该是“dispute”的宾语。选项A很显然是“controversy over”的宾语，因此也可以做“dispute”的宾语，所以是正确答案。
 4.根据题目中“would give researchers invaluable data about”定位到最后一段倒数第二句，原文中描述的是“… would give researchers invaluable data about the range of conditions under which a planet can generate the complex chemistry that leads to life”，这里面的关键词“chemistry”与选项E是对应的，因此应选E。
 5.根据题目中“Columbus”定位到第一段，在第二段中提到：“Although their missions blended commercial and political-military imperatives, the explorers involved all accomplished some significant science by going where no scientists had gone before”，their mission指的是Columbus他们所完成的探索太空的计划。这道题就是从这句话改写过来的，只不过强调的重点有轻微的变化而已。